Railway-road-bed construction.



C. R. HOLDEN. RAILWAY ROAD BED CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED JAN. s,1908. RENEWED JAN. 30, 1909.

Patented. Sept. 7, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

All

G. R. HOLDEN.

RAILWAYROAD BED CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED hum, 190a. RENEWED JAN.30, 1909.

933,074, Patentd Sept. 7, 1909.

2 SHEBTS-8HEET 2.

HI lmmu I whiz Jew frwenir: CZw-Zea d ozbian/ CHARLES R. HOLDEN, OFCHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

RAILWAY-ROAD-BED CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. *7, 1909.

Application filed January 8, 1908, Serial No. $09,876. ReneWefl January30, 1909. Serial No. 475,256.

[0 a-ZZ whom it may concern:

Be 1t known that I, Cnnnmrs R. HOLDEN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, havelnvented new and useful Improvement in Fiailway-Road-Bed Construction,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates, more particularly, to improvements in means forsecuring railway-rails in place on ties provided to receive them; and myobject, generally stated, is to provide new and improved means for thepurpose stated to the end of improving railway road-bed construction.

Referring to the accompanying drawingsl igure 1 is a face view of a tie,showing rails in cross-section secured thereto in accordance with myinvention; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the construction illustrated inFig. 1; Fig. 3 is a broken section taken at the line 3 on Fig. 2; Fig. iis a perspective view of a key for clamping the rail to the tie; Figs. 5to 7, inclusive, are viewssimilar to that of Fig. 3, showing threemodifications of the l ey illustrated in Fig. at; Fig. 8 is a brokenface view of one end of a tie having a metal-tiller with a rail (shownin crosssection) resting thereon, and a key for clamping the rail to thetie, the filler being shown in crosssection; Fig. 9 is a perspective viw of one of the forms of filler which may be employed: Fig. 10 is asimilar view of another form of filler which may be used; Fig. 11 is aview similar to that of Fig. 8 of another modification of theconstruction illustrated in Fig. 3, showing a block of resilientmaterial seated in the tie to afford a resilient seat for the key; Fig.12 is a perspective view of the block and securing cleats illustrated inFig. 11; F 13 is a face view of one end of a tie with a rail, shown incross-section, held in place thereon, and a key, also shown incross-section, of a type affording resiliency to the construction; andFig. 11, a perspective view of the key illustrated in Fig. 13. I

The tie in connection with which I have chosen to illustrate myinvention is preferably of the stamped steel U-shape type illustrated,affording two heads 15 and 16 at its opposite ends connected together byan intermediate sect-ion The heads, as shown,

are each formed with three parallel vertical flanges 18, whereas theintermediate section 17 consists of but two such flanges 19.

Each of the flanges 18 has a recess 20 formed in it presenting ahorizontal bottom 21 with an undercut-portion 22 aflording a shoulder23, which preferably is in the position illustrated in Fig. 1, toreceive the outer flange 2st of a rail 25, which preferably seats uponblocks 26 interposed between the flanges 18 adjacent to the recesses 20and extending slightly above the bottom walls of the recesses, the railillustrated being of the ordinary type, though the bull-rail, common toContinental railroads, may be employed. The recesses 20 and shoulders 23aline with each other on the opposite ends of the tie and extendtransversely of the flanges 18, as illustrated in Fig. 2. In addition tothe recesses 20 formed in the flanges 18, other recesses 2'? areprovided in each flange 18 extending below the level of the bottom walls21 of the recesses 20, and in the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to3, inclusive, these recesses have curved walls 28 adjoining the portions21 of the recesses 20, an opposed tapering wall 29, and a horizontalwall 30, the tapering walls in the flanges of one head tapering in theopposite direction to those in the opposed head, and the tapering walls29 of each head bearing stepped relation to each other as illustrated inFig. 2, for a purpose hereinafter disclosed. The rails are clamped inplace against the respective blocks 26 by a key 31, which islongitudinally insertible transversely of the flanges 18 into therecesses 20 in the opposed heads. The key of Fig. 1 is of generalfrusto-conical shape in cross-section having a flat bottom 32 and top33, a tapering surface 341 on one side and a grooved surface on theother, affording a channel 35 having a slightly inclined upper wall 36presenting a flange 37 and a curved lower wall 38, as illustrated, thewalls 36 and 38 preferably conforming in contour to the upper side ofthe inner flange 10 of the rail 25, and the curved walls 28 of therecesses 27, respectively.

The tapering side 34 of the key 31 is provided with a series of flanges4:1, 12 and 43 of a number preferably corresponding with the number offlanges on each head of the tie, these key-flanges having surfaces 44Lwhich taper in a horizontal direction at angles to the'side of the keyand in an up ward direction, relative to the side 34: 0f the key, fromtheir lower to their upper portions, the surfaces 44 thus extending atan angle to the lower side 32 of the key slightly greater than the angleat which the side 3 L extends with relation to the bottom of therecesses 27, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4:, for purpose hereinafterdisclosed. The extent of protrusion of the key-flanges 41, L2 and 4-3beyond the side 34 varies successively, the flanges 1-2 and 43 extendingto a greater distance from the side 34 than the flange tl, and theflange 42 to a greater distance than the flange 41, so that the key maybe intro duced into the recesses 27 in the flanges l8, and thekey-flanges be caused to impinge against the walls 29 of the adjacentrecesses, as hereinafter described.

To clamp a rail in place on the tie, it is first seated on the blocks 26to extend into the undercut-portions 22, at its outer flange 24. The key31 is then inserted at the end carrying the flange 41 through therecesses 27 in the flanges 18, the varying extents of protrusion of thekey-flanges and the stepped arrangement of the walls 29 of the recesses27 permitting the key to be introduced by hand through the recesses 27approximately to the position illustrated in Fig. 2. The key may then bedriven into the final clamping position illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 bya sledge, or the like. The effect of driving the key as stated is tocause the flanges 41, L2 and 43 to bear, at their tapering surfaces 44,against the tapered walls 29 of the recesses 27 with the result of notonly causing the key 31 to wedge in horizontal direction toward therail, but of causing the key to turn slightly in the recesses 27 towardthe rail 25, thereby turning down the flange 37 against the inner flanged0 of the rail against which it is thus caused to firmly impinge. Thecurvature of the walls 28 of the recesses 27 is such as to correspondwith the are through which the key moves in its lateral and turningmovements when driven into the recesses. Thus the wall 38 of the key iscaused to constantly impinge against the walls 28 of the recessesthroughout the turning movement of the key. It will be also noted thatby providing the curved walls 28 strain upon the parts of the structureduring the operation of setting the key is avoided. The key ispreferably so proportioned that when initially assembled with the otherparts of the construction, it will not [it down against the bottom wallsof the recesses 27, and its flanges will not contact throughout theirwedging surfaces with the walls 29 of the recesses 27. Thus as the block26 becomes beaten down by the constant use of the track, causing thefastening means for the rails to become somewhat loosened, the desiredreadjustment of the key with relation to the tie and rail may be quicklyand readily effected by merely driving the key farther into therecesses, with the result of turning the flange 37 into close engagementwith the adjacent flange of the rail.

I prefer to provide means for securing the key against accidentaldisplacement, the means shown comprising a bolt which may be in the formof threaded stud 45 extending from that end of the key which carries theflange 41, as illustrated, or it may be a bolt (not shown) extendinglongitudii'lally through the key; and a plate 16 which may be applied tothe bolt and against the outer face of the flange 18 adjacent to thekeyflange ll, and against which plate a nut 4'? screws on the bolt 15.The key 31 is thus not only held in place by the construction described,but the flanges 18 are rigidly reinforced and strengthened with relationto each other.

The construction shown in Fig. 5 is the same as that illustrated in Fig.3, with the exception that the walls 28 of the recesses 27 are straightinstead of curved, and the curved wall 38 of the key is more abrupt inthis con struction than that illustrated in Fig. 3. The spaces 48 arethus provided between the wall 38 of the key and the recess-walls 28 forreceiving the downwardly extending flange of a rail (not shown) of apeculiar type. With a rail in position on the tie as described of thepreceding constructions, the operation of the key shown in Fig. 5 is thesame as that of the key illustrated in Fig. i, with the exception thatinstead of the curved wall 38 hearing against the curved wall 28 of Fig.3, it bears against the vertical surface of the downwardly extendingflange of the rail.

In the construction illustrated in Fig. (3, the channel 35 instead ofhaving a curved wall 38, has a straight, approximately hori-' zontahwall49 intersected by a curved wall 50. The block 26 in the previous figureseliminated in this construction, and the rail is adapted to seat uponthe surfaces 21 of the recesses 20. The opposed walls of the channel. 35are spaced apart a greater distance than the thickness of the flange ofthe rail, to permit the key to be inserted into the recesses 27 and begiven a turning movement as described for clamping its flange 3? againstthe rail.

The construction illustrated in Fig. 7 has its key 31 formed of twosections 51 and 52 hinged together, as indicated at 53, by a rod 54passing through registering lugs 55 which fit into recesses 56 in theopposed sections. The section 51 is preferably constructed of a shapeadapting it to snugly fit the recesses 27 when the key is driven intoplace and thus cooperate with the surfaces 21 in forming a seat for therail. hen the key 31 ofthis construction is driven into place, the turning movement produced by the engagement of the flanges l1, l2 and 43with the walls 29 of the recesses 27 for clamping the flange 3.? againstthe rail-flange 10, is. effected only of the section 52.

In Figs. 8 to 10, inclusive, are shown two types of fillers forapplication to the railseats and undercut-portions 22 when the blocks 26are not provided, and the wear upon theinner sidesof the rail-treadsnecessitates the transverse adjustment of the rails upon the ties; orfor application to the ties preliminary to the initial assembling of therails 011 them to avoid the impairment of the rail-seatsv under thestress of wear to which they are subjected. Fig. 9 shows a fillerstamped from sheet steel and adapted to be applied to a single flange,as illustrated in Fig. 8, the filler being of the general V- shape asillustrated, with flanges 57 about its outer edges permitting it to beheld against displacement on the rail-seats to which they are applied.In. the construction of Fig. 10 the fillers instead of being formedseparate, one for each of all the flanges 18 ofa head, are united in onepiece, preferably a dropforging, by a series of webs 5S interposedbetween the filler-sections, the whole being thus rendered unitary, withthe advantage of enabling the fillers tobe quickly applied and serve thetriple function of taking up wear on the rail, and strengthening thetieflanges, and afiording a continuous rail-seat;

The constructions illustrated in Figs. 11- to 14, inclusive, aredesigned to afford slight resiliency or give to the structure as opposedtothehard, intensely rigid, impingement of the parts of the constructionwhen it is desired that the rails rest directly upon the bottom walls ofthe recesses 20. This result is accomplished in the structureillustrated in Fig. 11' by enlarging the recesses 27, as shown, toreceive a block 59 of wood or relatively soft material, or of any othermaterial having slight elasticity, which spans the flanges of the headto which it is applied and may be secured in place in any suitablemanner. as by cleats GO fitting in notches 61 iuthe walls of therecesses 27 and registering notches 62 in the block, the purpose of thisconstruction being to afford a slight give on the parts to which strainis exerted when a track is being traversed, by a train.

As another means for obtaining the desired resiliency, the key 31 maycontain a section 63 of wood, soft metal, or other suitable materiai,secured between two sections (3 1, (it of hard metal, the three sectionsbe ing fastened together as by rivets 65, it being desirable in thiscase, though not indispensable, that the means for holding the key inplace after application to the tie, be a bolt 66 passing entirelythrough the key and prefvious figures.

(not shown). which cooperates with a plate (not shown) as described ofthe structure in Fig. 1, the manner of assembling the C011- structionsof Figs. 11 to. 14, and the opera tion of the key of these structures,being the same as that of the construction illustrated in Fig. 1.

lVhilo I have shown in the constructions illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 1811(11521 block of relatively resilient material. for seating the railon the tie, it is. manifest that such block is not indispensable, and:that the rails. may seat directly upon the bottom surfaces of therecesses 20, which in conjunction with each othe'r'aiford a rail-seat.It is likewise manifest that instead of seating the rails upon thesurfaces 21 oftherecesses 20 of the constructions shown in Figs. 6, 7 11and. 13, a block 26 may be provided. to formv the seat as described ofthe constructions of the pre- WVhile I have illustrated my invention inconnection. with a tie of a. peculiar construction involving two heads,each with three flanges, and an intermediate section of but two, I donot wish to be understood as limitingmy invention to such aconstruction, as a tie having but two. parallel, flanges, or anysuitable number of flanges may be used. with.- out departure from myinvention. It is also within my invention to employ a shoe or plateconstructed with the rail-seat: and key, as described, which plate maythen besecured to the tie-properof: metal, wood, concrete or any othersuitable material as is well understood in the art.

By providing a. key which not only has a lateral wedging action, but inaddition a tilting movement, the wear of the rail-seat, whether it be ofwood or metal as described, may be readily compensated for by thefurther driving in of the wedge bystriking'it with a sledge, or thelike, and thus the'rails may be quickly and effectively again fastenedin place. As. a means for insulating the rail 25 from the tie to makeits use possible where the block system is used, I. may interposebetween the rail and the tie a strip 67 of insulating material such asfelt, which may be applied to the portions 21 and undercut portions 22of the recesses 20' and folded over the inner flange 40 of the railwhere the key 31 engages it, as illustratedfin Fig. 11. Thus the railmay be insulated from the tie in a simple and eflicient manner.

WVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with av rail, of a sup port for the rail provided onits upper portion with a recess, an abutment for one of the lateralflanges of the rail, a key provided with rail-fiange-engaging means andinsertible into said recesstransversely of the support to engage withthe wall of the recess,

and means for turning down the rail-flangeengaging means against theother flange of the rail.

2. The combination with a rail, of a support for the rail provided onits upper portion with a recess, an abutment for one of the lateralflanges of the rail, a key provided with railflange-engaging means andinsertible into said recess transversely of the support to engage with awall of the recess, and means for producing a turning movement of thekey to cause its rail-flange-engaging means to bear down and against theother flange of the rail.

3. The combination with a rail, of a support for the rail provided onits upper portion with a recess, an abutment for one of the lateralflanges of the rail, a wedge-key provided with rail flange engagingmeans and insertible into said recess transversely of the support toengage with a wall of the recess, and means for producing a turningmovement of the key to cause its rail-flangeengaging means to bear downagainst the other flange of the rail.

4:. The combination with a rail, of a support for the rail provided onits upper portion with a recess, an abutment for one of the lateralflanges of the rail, a key provided with rail-flange-engaging means andinsertible into said recess transversely of the support to engage with awall of the recess, and means for wedging the key toward the rail andfor turning the key in the recess for forcing the rail-flange-engagingmeans down and against the rail.

5. The combination with a rail, of a support for the rail provided onits upper portion with a recess, an abutment for one of the lateralflanges of the rail, a key provided with rail-flange-engaging means andinsertible into said recess transversely of the support, and wedgingmeans on the key adapted to engage a wall of the recess at a point abovethe resistance point at the opposite side of the key, whereby the key iscaused to turn in the recess.

6. The combination with a rail, of a support for the rail provided onits upper portion with a recess having a curved wall, an abut ment forone of the lateral flanges of the rail, a key provided withrail-flange-engaging means and insertible into said recess transverselyof the support to engage with a wall of the recess, and having a curvedwall adjacent to said rail-flange-engaging means adapted to bear againstthe curved wall of the recess, and means for wedging the key toward therail and for turning the key in the recess for forcing therail-flangeengaging means down and against the rail.

7 The combination with a rail, of a support for the rail provided on itsupper portion with a recess having upwardly tapering walls, an abutmentfor one of the lateral for forcing the key-flange down and againsttherail. Y

8. The combination with a rail, of a support for the rail provided witha plurality of upwardly extending flanges containing recesses, abutmentsfor one of the lateral flanges of the rail, a key provided withrailflange-engaging means and insertible into said recesses transverselyof the support, and wedging flanges on said key adapted to engage withwalls of the recesses and force the rail-flange-engaging means againstthe rail.

9. The combination with a rail, of a support for the rail provided wit-ha plurality of upwardly extending flanges containing recesses, abutmentsfor one of the lateral flanges of the rail, a key provided withrailflange-engaging means and insertible into said recesses transverselyof the support, and wedging surfaces on the key constructed and arrangedto bear against walls of the recesses and wedge the key toward the railand turn it in the recesses to force the rail-flangeengaging means downand against the rail.

10. The combination with a rail, of a support for the rail provided witha plurality of upwardly-extending flanges containing recesses, abutmentsfor one of the lateral flanges of the rail, a key provided withrailflange-engaging means and insertible into said recesses transverselyof the support, wedging-flanges on the key adapted to engage with wallsof the recesses when the key is moved therein and turn therailflangeengaging means down and against the other flange of the rail,and means for so moving the key in the recesses and maintaining it inrail-flange-engaging position against displacement.

11. The combination with a rail, of a support for the rail provided witha plurality of upwardly extending flanges containing recesses havingwalls arranged in stepped relation, abutments for one of the lateralflanges of the rail, a key provided with railflange-engaging means andinsertible into said recesses transversely of the support, and wedgingflanges on the key constructed and arranged to bear against the walls ofthe recesses arranged in stepped relation and wedge the key toward therail and turn it in the recesses to force the rail-flangeeng'aging meansdown and against the rail, for the purpose set forth.

CHARLES R. HOLDEN.

In presence of- RALPH Sormnrnn, A. U. THORIEN.

